CISE

The informal economy represents about a third of world output, thus, generating serious challenges for attaining environmental sustainability. Although there are several indicators of environmental sustainability, the ecological footprint is the most holistic proxy for the capturing the state of environmental degradation. Hence, this research examines the impact of the informal economy, urban concentration, and globalization on the ecological footprint during 1990–2018 period.

Previous literature does not incorporate the spillover effects of institutional factors in the analysis of the determinants of energy intensity. This research aims to empirically examine the impact of institutional and economic factors on energy intensity using spatial panel data models. Specifically, the institutional factors included are civil liberties, political corruption, and women's political empowerment. We find robust evidence that there are spillover effects from regressors on the energy intensity of countries.

This study examines the effect of corruption on green innovation. We employed a panel corrected standard error (PCSE) and robust checking system generalized moment of method (S-GMM) model on a panel sample of 61 OECD and non-OECD countries between 2010 and 2018. Our results show that corruption is significant and positively related to green innovation in 61 countries. Similarly, we find that corruption has an increasing impact on green innovation in non-OECD countries. However, in OECD countries, corruption reduces the likelihood of attaining green innovation.

This study investigates the effects of military expenditure, final consumption expenditure, gross national expenditure, net income, broad money, and total reserves on Pakistan’s economic growth. The nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) and robust regressions methods are used to examine the relationship among variables. The outcomes revealed that total reserves positively impacted the economic growth during positive and negative short- and long-run shocks.

China and Japan have enjoyed significant economic boosts due to technological progress. However, these are accompanied by serious environmental pollution, which has brought China and Japan’s commitments to climate treaties into question. Therefore, this study attempts to contribute to the literature on green finance, energy, and the environmental sustainability nexus. We investigate the role of green finance and energy in the environmental performance of Asia (China and Japan) between 2010 and 2020.

Going green is a wise choice regarding economic progress, social prosperity, and environmental neutrality. This topic is a concern worldwide and has been the heart of every strategy for decades. Therefore, the current study explores the key determinants that could be the way forward for policymakers. In this study, we analyze the importance of green innovation, technological innovation, financial depth index, information communication technology, GDP regarding CO2 emissions, and ecological footprint for the 10 greenest economies in the world from 1980 to 2019.

Electricity generated through fossil fuels degrades the environment. Hence, the promotion of green electricity should be the foundation for sustainable development. In this context, the present work probes the impact of green electricity consumption (GEC), technological innovation (TEI), democracy (DEM), and economic growth (GR) on the ecological footprint (EF) and assesses the moderating effects of democracy on EF from 1995 to 2018 in six ASEAN nations. The empirical results show that renewable electricity, TEI, and DEM promote ecological quality.

At the 26th Conference of Parties (COP26), the world economies have re-pledged to collectively attain the global objective of ensuring environmental sustainability, especially by adopting credible initiatives that can address the environmental problems experienced worldwide.

Achieving carbon neutrality and reducing global temperature rise below 2 °C necessitates shifting from conventional energy to renewable energy and ensuring sustainable use of natural resources. However, economic, political, and financial risks significantly impact renewable energy investments and natural resources' sustainable utilization. Thus, it is necessary to understand the roles of political, economic, and financial risk when assessing the impacts of natural resources, green energy use, and economic growth on pollutant emissions.

The development of the financial sector is one of the main macroeconomic goals for developing countries as well as developed ones. The literature focusing on the determinants of financial sector development presents very diverse and inconsistent results. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to empirically investigate the long run and causal linkages between natural resources, economic growth, savings, current account balance and financial sector development for 33 developing countries.